Boule ne ntwahonan nketewa
Roulette nuanom nketewa: ntwahonan a ɛwɔ nɔma nkron wɔ Franse kasino ahodoɔ mu, ɔbo a ɛwɔ afa aduonu, pin pon, ntwahonan a bɔɔl kotokuo ka ho ne nsoromma a ɛhyerɛn. Mmara baako na ɛkyerɛ ne nyinaa boɔ.
Boule, a wɔda so di wɔ Franse kasino bi mu no, wɔ nɔma nkron na ɛtua 7 tia 1 wɔ nɔma baako so: 11.11%, Yuropu ntwahonan deɛ mprɛ ɛnan. Roulette-18 de ɔbo na ɛto mmom sene sɛ ɛbɛkyini ntwahonan, na ne boɔ yɛ 5.26%. Intanɛt so no, Pin Ball ne Spingo boɔ yɛ 2% kosi 4.76%, na Lucky Star, kanea a ɛtu mmirika fa nsoromma ho, yɛ 2.22% kosi 4%. Diamond Roulette gyaee kɔkɔɔ ne tuntum de kɔla nsia sii hɔ, na ɛtɔn bɛt baako wɔ 15.79%.
Mmara baako, ntwahonan nketewa
Mmara a ɛwɔ ntwahonan a ɛnyɛ daa deɛ krataafa no so no kyerɛ saa agorɔ yi nso boɔ: kan nea efi mu ba a akatuasikaAkatuaDeɛ bɛt a edi nkonim de ma, a wɔka no sɛ “X tia 1” ka bɛt sika a ɛsan ba no ho.Kenkan ne nyinaa → no bu n'ani gu so, na fa nea efi mu ba nyinaa kyɛ mu. Wɔ Yuropu ntwahonan so no, hweentwahonanHweeTokuru ahabammono baako a sika pɛ bɛt, dumienu kuo bɛt anaa santen tee bɛt biara nkata so; kasino mfasoɔ fibea. Wɔfrɛ no nso hwee baako, 0.Kenkan ne nyinaa → yɛ tokurunneɛma a wɔde diTokuruRotor no so tokuru 37 a nɔma wom no mu baako. Wɔfrɛ no nso slot, cup.Kenkan ne nyinaa → 37 mu 1. Wɔ ntwahonan ketewa so no, kasino tokuru baako fa kɛseɛ, enti agorɔ nketewa boɔ taa yɛ den, gye sɛ wɔahyehyɛ akatua no ɔkwan foforɔ so.
Boule: nɔma nkron
Boule yɛ roulette nua ketewa a ofi Franse, na wɔda so di no wɔ Franse kasino bi mu; kasino nhoma ketewa bi wɔ Antibes kyerɛkyerɛ ne mmara mu. Bɔɔlnneɛma a wɔde diBɔɔlBɔɔl ketewa a wɔto no ma ɛtu mmirika wɔ ne kwan mu tia rotor no. Ɛnnɛ bɔɔl yɛ ivorine anaa Teflon, 18–21 mm.Kenkan ne nyinaa → no gyina nɔma nkron no mu baako so. Ɛnan yɛ tuntumbɛtTuntumSika pɛ bɛt wɔ nɔma tuntum 18 no so. Franse kasa mu: noir.Kenkan ne nyinaa → (1, 3, 6, 8), ɛnan yɛ kɔkɔɔbɛtKɔkɔɔSika pɛ bɛt wɔ nɔma kɔkɔɔ 18 no so. Franse kasa mu: rouge.Kenkan ne nyinaa → (2, 4, 7, 9), na 5, a ɛyɛ akokɔsrade kɔla, yɛ kasino nɔma. Nɔma baako tua 7 tia 1. Sika pɛ bɛtbɛtSika pɛ bɛtKɔkɔɔ/tuntum, ɛnkyɛ pɛ/ɛkyɛ pɛ, soro/fam. Nɔma 18, akatua 1:1.Kenkan ne nyinaa → no, kɔkɔɔ anaa tuntum, nɔma a ɛnkyɛ pɛ anaa nɔma a ɛkyɛ pɛ, fam (1 kosi 4) anaa soro (6 kosi 9), ne nyinaa hwere sɛ 5 ba a. Bɛt biara boɔ yɛ 1/9 = 11.11%, Yuropu ntwahonan deɛ mprɛ ɛnan. Ɔkwan foforɔ bi wɔ Genting wɔ Malaysia de 0 kosi 9 na ɛhyɛ ne ntwahonan nɔma, na ɛtua 8 tia 1 wɔ nɔma baako so ne 2 tia 1 wɔ nɔma mmiɛnsa so: 10%.
Avions: nɔma dunson
Epstein (2013) kyerɛw ntwahonan ketewa foforɔ bi ho asɛm, Avions, a wɔdii no bere bi wɔ Monte Carlo, a ɛwɔ nɔma 17. Nɔma baako tuaa 15 tia 1, nɔma ɛnan kuo tuaa 3 tia 1, na sika pɛ bɛt biara kataa nɔma nwɔtwe so, gye 9 a na ɛyɛ hwee no adwuma. Bɛt biara boɔ yɛ 1/17 = 5.88%, ɛboro Amerika 5.26% kakra, wɔ ntwahonan a ne kɛseɛ yɛ Yuropu deɛ fa so.
Roulette-18: ɔbo si ntwahonan anan mu
Wɔde Roulette-18 kyerɛɛ wɔ Global Gaming Expo wɔ 2014 mu, na wɔdii no wɔ Grosvenor kasino bi mu wɔ Engiresi. Ɔbo a ɛwɔ afa aduonu na ɛsi ntwahonan no anan mu, a nɔma 1 kosi 18, 0 ne 00 wɔ so. Sɛ 00 ba a, wɔnsiesie hwee, na wɔsan to ɔbo no bio; ɛno ma afa 19 a ɛyɛ adwuma ka hɔ, nanso wɔhyehyɛɛ akatua no ma 18: nɔma baako bɛtbɛtNɔma baako bɛtNɔma baako pɛ, ɛtua 35:1.Kenkan ne nyinaa → tua 17 tia 1, nɔma mmienu bɛtbɛtNɔma mmienu bɛtNɔma mmienu a ɛbɛn wɔn ho, ɛtua 17:1.Kenkan ne nyinaa → 8 tia 1, nɔma mmiɛnsa bɛtbɛtNɔma mmiɛnsa bɛtNɔma mmiɛnsa wɔ bɛt nhyehyɛe no santen baako mu, ɛtua 11:1. Franse kasa mu: transversale.Kenkan ne nyinaa → 5 tia 1, nɔma ɛnan bɛtbɛtNɔma ɛnan bɛtNɔma ɛnan a wɔkyɛ ntwea baako wɔ bɛt nhyehyɛe no so, akatua 8:1.Kenkan ne nyinaa → 7 tia 2, santen nnyinaso 2 tia 1. Bɛt biara boɔ yɛ 1/19 = 5.26%, Amerika boɔ no, gye sika pɛ bɛt no a ɛhwere fa pɛ wɔ 0 so: 2.63%.
Pin Ball ne Spingo: intanɛt so agorɔ
Pin Ball, a efi Realistic Games, ma bɔɔl fa pin pon mu tɔ ntokuru 25 mu baako mu, 0 kosi 24. Bɛt no tua sɛnea ɛyɛ 24 pɛ: nɔma baako 23 tia 1, nɔma mmienu bɛt 11 tia 1, enti biara boɔ yɛ 1/25 = 4%, na sika pɛ bɛt no hwere fa pɛ wɔ 0 so, na ɛde wɔn ba 2%. Spingo, a efi Microgaming, de mfiri mmienu bom: bɔɔl a efi kotokuo a bɔɔl 21 wɔ mu, 1 kosi 10 mmienu mmienu ne 0 baako, ne ntwahonan a ɛwɔ afa 25, akokɔsrade, kɔkɔɔ ne bruu nwɔtwe nwɔtwe ne ahabammono baako. Nɔma tua 9 tia 1 na ne boɔ yɛ 4.76%; kɔla tua 2 tia 1 na ne boɔ yɛ 4%. Bɛt a ɛyɛ den sene biara wɔ pon no so, nɔma ne kɔla bom, tua 31 tia 1 ma hokwan 525 mu 16 na ne boɔ yɛ 2.48% pɛ: bɛt a ne boɔ yɛ fo sene biara wɔ agorɔ no mu.
Lucky Star: kanea wɔ nsoromma so
Lucky Star, a intanɛt so kasino bi de ma Engiresi agorɔfoɔ no, nni bɔɔl. Kanea bi tu mmirika fa nsoromma a ɛwɔ ano enum a wɔde nsensanee tee enum ayɛ ho, na ɛgyina beaeɛ 40 a wɔde 0 kosi 8 ahyɛ nɔma no mu baako so. Beaeɛ enum a nsensanee no twa mu no nyinaa nɔma yɛ 1, na kanea no fa wɔn mu biara so mprɛ mmienu wɔ kyinhyia mua biara mu, enti kyinhyia mua biara wɔ gyinabea 45 na 1 na ɛtaa ba sene biara, gyinabea 45 mu 10. Bɛt no wɔ nɔma, kɔla (0 ne 8 yɛ ahabammono; 1, 3 ne 6 yɛ kɔkɔɔ; 2, 4, 5 ne 7 yɛ tuntum), ɛnkyɛ pɛ anaa ɛkyɛ pɛ, fam (1–4) anaa soro (5–8), In anaa Out, ne Kyaenafoɔ nneɛma enum so, baako ma nsensanee biara. Akatua no yɛ “1 ma X” na ɛba nkyɛmu mu, te sɛ 2.2 ma kɔkɔɔ, a ɛma wɔtumi hyehyɛ bɛt biara boɔ ma ɛne afoforɔ no ntam nnboro nkyɛmu mmienu: efi 2.22% kosi 4%.
Diamond Roulette: kɔla nsia na kɔkɔɔ nni mu
Diamond Roulette puee wɔ Atlantic City wɔ 2008 mu wɔ hwee mmienu ntwahonan so, a nɔma no wɔ kɔla nsia mu, nɔma nsia nsia, na kɔkɔɔ anaa tuntum bɛt nni hɔ. Kɔla tuaa 5 tia 1: 5.26%, Amerika boɔ a ɛtaa yɛ, anaa 2.70% wɔ hwee baako ntwahonan so. Afiri no ne kɔla a wɔde 0 ne 00 aka ho: nɔma nwɔtwe wɔ 3 tia 1, faako a mmara no hwehwɛ 3¾ tia 1. Ne boɔ yɛ 15.79%. Sɛ wɔtew akatua so kyɛfasikaKyɛfaBɛt sika a ɛwɔ ase a nhyehyɛe anaa agorɔfoɔ de yɛ adwuma. Wɔka bɛt nsakraeɛ ntoatoasoɔ ho asɛm wɔ kyɛfa mu sɛdeɛ ɛbɛyɛ a ɛbɛfata ɛpono biara.Kenkan ne nyinaa → nkyɛmu bi a, ɛtumi ma bɛt baako boɔ yɛ den mprɛ mmiɛnsa sene afoforɔ no.
Deɛ ntwahonan nketewa no kyerɛ
Afidie no sesa; akontaabu no nsesa.
- Kasino nɔma baako wɔ nkron mu boɔ yɛ 11.11%; baako wɔ 37 mu boɔ yɛ 2.70%. Sɛ nɔma no sua a, hwee boɔ yɛ den.
- Ɔbo, pin pon anaa bɔɔl kotokuo nsesa hwee: boɔ no wɔ nea efi mu ba dodoɔ ne akatua no mu.
- Fa a ɛsan ba wɔ hwee so, te sɛ Pin Ball ne Roulette-18 so, tew sika pɛ bɛt kasino mfasoɔ mu fa, sɛdeɛ la partagemmaraLa partageFranse mmara: sɛ hwee ba a, wɔsan de sika pɛ bɛt sika no fa ma. Ɛtew kasino mfasoɔ a ɛwɔ saa bɛt no so mu fa kɔ 1.35%.Kenkan ne nyinaa → yɛ no.
- Akatua a ɛba nkyɛmu mu, te sɛ Lucky Star so, ma deɛ ɔyɛ agorɔ no tumi hyehyɛ bɛt biara boɔ ma ɛne afoforɔ no ntam nnboro nkyɛmu baako anaa mmienu.
- Hwehwɛ bɛt a wɔatew n'akatua so: Diamond 3 tia 1 mmom sene 3¾.
Nsɛmmisa
Daabi. Wɔ 11.11% no, ne boɔ yɛ Yuropu ntwahonan deɛ mprɛ ɛnan. Ɛda so wɔ hɔ ɛfiri sɛ ɛyɛ ntɛm na ɛnyɛ den, ɛnyɛ sɛ ne boɔ yɛ fo nti.
Wɔda so di Boule wɔ Franse kasino bi mu. Wɔdii Roulette-18 wɔ Engiresi kasino ahodoɔ mu wɔ 2010 mfeɛ no mu. Pin Ball, Spingo ne Lucky Star yɛ intanɛt so agorɔ, na Diamond Roulette afi Atlantic City.
Ɛfiri sɛ n'akatua 31 tia 1 bɛn akatua a ɛyɛ pɛ, 31.8 tia 1, sene bɛt baako baako no akatua. Wɔhyehyɛ bɛt biara boɔ wɔ ɔno ara so.
Akontaabu ho anigyeɛ
Di kan yɛ eyinom ara wo ho. Wɔakata mmuaeɛ biara so; sɛ woasiesie wo ho a, bue no.
Spingo yi bɔɔlnneɛma a wɔde diBɔɔlBɔɔl ketewa a wɔto no ma ɛtu mmirika wɔ ne kwan mu tia rotor no. Ɛnnɛ bɔɔl yɛ ivorine anaa Teflon, 18–21 mm.Kenkan ne nyinaa → firi kotokuo a bɔɔl 21 wom mu (mmienu mmienu ma 1 kɔsi 10, 0 baako) na ɛkyini ntwahonan a ne afa yɛ 25 (nwɔtwe nwɔtwe ma kɔla mmiɛnsa, ahabammono baako). Nɔma tua 9 tia 1, kɔla 2 tia 1, na nɔma ne kɔla bom tua 31 tia 1. Hyɛ mmiɛnsa no nyinaa boɔ.
Kyerɛ mmuaeɛ no
Mmuaeɛ Nɔma 4.76%, kɔla 4.00%, nɔma ne kɔla 2.48%: deɛ ne hokwan sua sen biara no ne bɛt a ne ka yɛ mmerɛ sen biara.
Nɔma: bɔɔl 2 wɔ 21 mu. $1 a adi nkonim san de $10 ba, enti bɛt no san de 2/21 × 10 = 20/21 ba: kasino mfasoɔ 1/21 = 4.76%.
Kɔla: afa 8 wɔ 25 mu, a ɛsan de $3 ba: 24/25, kasino mfasoɔ 4%.
Ne mmienu bom: bɔɔl no ne ntwahonan no yɛ nhwehwɛmu soronko, enti hokwan no bɔ ho: 2/21 × 8/25 = 16/525. Deɛ adi nkonim san de $32 ba, enti bɛt no san de 16 × 32 = 512 ba wɔ 525 a wɔto so: kasino mfasoɔ 13/525 = 2.48%.
AkatuasikaAkatuaDeɛ bɛt a edi nkonim de ma, a wɔka no sɛ “X tia 1” ka bɛt sika a ɛsan ba no ho.Kenkan ne nyinaa → a ɛyɛ pɛ bɛyɛ 509/16, bɛyɛ 31.8 tia 1, enti 31 tia 1 ho tɔ kyɛfasikaKyɛfaBɛt sika a ɛwɔ ase a nhyehyɛe anaa agorɔfoɔ de yɛ adwuma. Wɔka bɛt nsakraeɛ ntoatoasoɔ ho asɛm wɔ kyɛfa mu sɛdeɛ ɛbɛyɛ a ɛbɛfata ɛpono biara.Kenkan ne nyinaa → baako wɔ aduasa mmienu mu mpo nnuru. Wɔhyɛ bɛt biara a ɛwɔ pon bi so boɔ ankasa, na deɛ ne hokwan sua no nyɛ daa na ne ka yɛ den.
Wɔ Roulette-18 so no, bɛt wɔ kɔkɔɔbɛtKɔkɔɔSika pɛ bɛt wɔ nɔma kɔkɔɔ 18 no so. Franse kasa mu: rouge.Kenkan ne nyinaa → so kata dice no ani 19 a ɛyɛ adwuma no mu 9 so, ɛtua sika pɛ na ɛhwere ne fa pɛ bere a 0 ba. Ɛgye ahe?
Kyerɛ mmuaeɛ no
Mmuaeɛ 1/38, bɛyɛ 2.63%.
To dice no mprɛ 19, na nkan 00 a wɔsan to no. Wɔ mfinimfini mu no, kɔkɔɔ ba mprɛ 9 (+9), tuntumbɛtTuntumSika pɛ bɛt wɔ nɔma tuntum 18 no so. Franse kasa mu: noir.Kenkan ne nyinaa → mprɛ 9 (−9) na 0 mprɛ baako, a ɛgye bɛt sika no fa (−½).
Ankasa: −½ wɔ ntoɔ 19 mu, a ɛyɛ 1/38 = 2.63%.
Sɛ wɔnsan mfa fa no mma a, anka ɛbɛyɛ −1 wɔ 19 mu, 5.26%, bɛt foforɔ biara a ɛwɔ dice no so boɔ. Sɛ wɔsan de fa ma wɔ hweentwahonanHweeTokuru ahabammono baako a sika pɛ bɛt, dumienu kuo bɛt anaa santen tee bɛt biara nkata so; kasino mfasoɔ fibea. Wɔfrɛ no nso hwee baako, 0.Kenkan ne nyinaa → so a, ɛtew kasino mfasoɔ no mu fa, sɛdeɛ la partagemmaraLa partageFranse mmara: sɛ hwee ba a, wɔsan de sika pɛ bɛt sika no fa ma. Ɛtew kasino mfasoɔ a ɛwɔ saa bɛt no so mu fa kɔ 1.35%.Kenkan ne nyinaa → yɛ wɔ Franse ɛpono so.
Multicolore, a na wɔdi wɔ Monte Carlo wɔ 1950 mfeɛ no mu, kyinii bɔɔl kɔɔ afantwahonanƆfaNtokuru a ɛtoa so wɔ ntwahonan no so, a ɛnyɛ kuo a ɛwɔ bɛt nhyehyɛe no so.Kenkan ne nyinaa → 25 so: nsia nsia ma ahabammono, kɔkɔɔ, fitaa ne akokɔsrades, ne bruu baako. Wɔtua bɛt wɔ kɔla so wɔ odds a wɔakyerɛw wɔ ɔfa a bɔɔl no gyina so no so: 4, 3, 3, 3, 2 ne 2 tia 1 wɔ kɔla biara afa nsia no so, ne 24 tia 1 wɔ bruu no so. Bɛt biara gye ahe?
Kyerɛ mmuaeɛ no
Mmuaeɛ Bruu yɛ bɛt a ɛyɛ pɛ na ɛnnye hwee. Kɔla foforɔ biara gye 8%.
Susu kyinhyia 25 a ɔfa biara ba mprɛ baako ho. $1 bɛt wɔ ahabammono so di nkonim wɔ n'afa nsia no so, 4 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 2 + 2 = $17, na ɛhwere $1 wɔ 19 a aka no so: −$2 wɔ kyinhyia 25 mu, 8%.
Bruu di $24 nkonim mprɛ baako na ɛhwere $1 wɔ afa 24 a aka no so: ɛyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ.
Kasino agorɔ a bɛt a ɛyɛ pɛ wɔ so nnyɛ mpɛn pii. Sɛ wode toto boule 11.11% ho a, bruu no ne bɛt baako pɛ a ɛwɔ dan no mu a ɛsom bo sɛ wobɛto. Bollman (2024) de agorɔ no ma sɛ adesua dwumadie.
Serew kakra
Kasino nɔma baako wɔ nkron mu yɛ 11.11%.
Nsɛm fibea
- Wizard of Odds. “Boule”, “Roulette-18”, “Pin Ball”, “Spingo”, “Lucky Star” ne “Diamond Roulette”.
- Epstein, R. A. The Theory of Gambling and Statistical Logic, 2nd ed.