Wobɛtumi adi roulette so nkonim anaa? Sɛdeɛ wɔdi nkonim wɔ roulette mu
Ɛkwan bɛn so na wobɛdi nkonim wɔ roulette mu? Ɛnyɛ bɛt nsɛsoɔ bi so. Ebia, wɔ abakɔsɛm mu, ntwahonan a asɛe anaa dila a wobɛtumi ahu deɛ ɔbɛyɛ, na ɛno nso, adwumaden kɛseɛ akyi nko ara.
Bɛt nhyehyɛe ntumi nni roulette so nkonim: boɔ a wɔhwɛ kwanakontaabuBoɔ a wɔhwɛ kwanNsunsuansoɔ mfinimfini boɔ wɔ bɛt biara so wɔ bere tenten mu. Bɛt sika no −1/37 wɔ Yuropu bɛt biara a ɛyɛ daa deɛ so.Kenkan ne nyinaa → bom, na bɛt biara deɛ yɛ bɔne. Nkonim a wɔakyerɛw ho asɛm nko ara firii abɔdeɛ mmara (physics) a wɔde dii dwuma mu, ɛnfiri nsɛsoɔ mu.
Adɛn nti na nhyehyɛe nyɛ yie
Bɛt biara EV = −1/37 wɔ ne bɛt sika so. Bɛt ntoatoasoɔ biara, sɛdeɛ wopaw firi deɛ abɛsi kane mu biara, EV = −1/37 wɔ sika a wode ato nyinaa so. Yei yɛ akontaabu nokorɛ a ɛfa nɔma a ɛba kwa a wɔbom ho, ɛnyɛ deɛ wɔahunu a nhyehyɛe a ɛye sen saa bɛtumi adane. Joseph Doob ne Paul Halmos kyerɛɛ ne nokorɛ wɔ afe 1930 mfeɛ no mu, na Edward Thorp a ɔde nkrataa kan dii blackjack so nkonim ampa no kyerɛɛ deɛ ɛhia ma ɛyɛ nokorɛ: bɛt biara yɛ bɔne, kyinhyia a ɛmfa hoakontaabuKyinhyia a ɛmfa hoKyinhyia biara hokwan yɛ pɛ sɛdeɛ deɛ atwam teɛ biara. Ɛno ne akontaabu biara a ɛwɔ wɛbsaet yi so nnyinasoɔ.Kenkan ne nyinaa →, ɛpono ahyeɛ soro ne ɛpono ahyeɛ ase. Ne nhoma a ɛfiri afe 1966 mu ma adanseɛ a ɛnyɛ den.
Deɛ ayɛ adwuma
Nneɛma mmiɛnsa, a ne nyinaa fa ntwahonan ankasa ho. Animhwɛ: ntwahonan a ne ntokurunneɛma a wɔde diTokuruRotor no so tokuru 37 a nɔma wom no mu baako. Wɔfrɛ no nso slot, cup.Kenkan ne nyinaa → hokwan nyɛ pɛ, a wɔhu no bere a wɔakyerɛw kyinhyia mpempem. Nkɔmhyɛ: wɔbu bɔɔlnneɛma a wɔde diBɔɔlBɔɔl ketewa a wɔto no ma ɛtu mmirika wɔ ne kwan mu tia rotor no. Ɛnnɛ bɔɔl yɛ ivorine anaa Teflon, 18–21 mm.Kenkan ne nyinaa → no ne rotornneɛma a wɔde diRotorNtwahonan no fa a ɛkyini a ntokuru no wɔ so.Kenkan ne nyinaa → no bere de susu ɔfantwahonanƆfaNtokuru a ɛtoa so wɔ ntwahonan no so, a ɛnyɛ kuo a ɛwɔ bɛt nhyehyɛe no so.Kenkan ne nyinaa → a ɛbɛtɔ mu, a wɔde kɔmputa a wɔde ahinta ayɛ firi afe 1970 mfeɛ no mu. Dila nsa agyiraehyɛde: adwene a ɛka sɛ dila tow bɔɔl no saa ara daa ma wobɛtumi ahu baabi a ɛbɛtɔ, a obiara nkyerɛɛ ne nokorɛ yie da. Ne mmiɛnsa nyinaa hia ntwahonan ankasa, nhwɛmu tenten ne kasino a ɛnhunuu.
Joseph Jagger ma wɔkyerɛw ntwahonan a ɛwɔ Monte Carlo no deɛ ɛfiri mu ba, ɔhu nɔma a ɛba mpɛn pii dodo, na ɔdi nkonim kɛseɛ kɔsi sɛ kasino no tutuu ne ntwahonan no na akyire yi ɔsesaa wɔn.
Charles Wells “bubu sika korabea no” wɔ akyiresɛm kɛseɛ ne nhyehyɛe bi a wankyerɛkyerɛ mu da mu. Ɔsan ba saa awɔ bere no na ɔhwere emu bi.
Edward Thorp ne Claude Shannon yɛ kɔmputa a edi kan a wɔhyɛ wɔ nipadua ho de bu roulette bɔɔl bere. Afidie no yɛ adwuma ɛtɔ da; wɔgyaa adwuma no.
Eudaemons a wɔfiri Santa Cruz de kɔmputa a wɔahinta di dwuma wɔ Nevada kasino ahodoɔ mu. Mfasoɔ ankasa, nnwinnadeɛ a wontumi mfa wo ho nto so, ahonyadeɛ biara nni mu.
Gonzalo García-Pelayo ne n'abusua kyerɛw bɛyɛ kyinhyia 5,000 wɔ ntwahonan biara so wɔ Madrid nkyɛn, wɔhu ntwahonan a ɛyɛ animhwɛ, wodi nkonim, wɔbra wɔn, na asɛnniiɛ dane mmara no.
Agorɔfoɔ baasa nya £1.3 ɔpepem wɔ Ritz a ɛwɔ London bere a wɔhyɛɛ nkɔm baabi a bɔɔl no bɛtɔ. Wɔkaa sɛ na laser bi wɔ hɔ nanso wɔankyerɛ da sɛ ɛwɔ hɔ; wɔde nkonim sika no kɔ.
Small ne Tse tintim abɔdeɛ mmara ho nsɛm a ɛkyerɛ sɛ bere a wobu no wɔ nhwehwɛmu dan mu no betumi ama mfasoɔ ɔha nkyɛmu kakraa bi.
Adɛn nti na ɛnyɛ adwuma bio
Kasino ahodoɔ sesa ntwahonan tinneɛma a wɔde diNtwahonan tiDin foforɔ ma rotor: ɔfa a ɛkyini a nɔma no wɔ so.Kenkan ne nyinaa → wɔ kyɛnseenneɛma a wɔde diKyɛnseeNtwahonan no fa a ɛwɔ abɔnten a ɛnkyini: dua anaa nneɛma a wɔafrafra ano a bɔɔl kwan ne ɔfa a ɛsian no wɔ mu, na rotor no kyini wɔ mu.Kenkan ne nyinaa → ntam, wɔma kyɛnsee no tene pɛ, wɔsusu ntokuru na wɔsesa ntamu bannneɛma a wɔde diNtamu banDadeɛ ban a ɛtwa ntokuru mmienu ntam wɔ ntwahonan no so.Kenkan ne nyinaa → wɔ bere a wɔahyɛ so, na ɛno di animhwɛ so. Live studio ahodoɔ to bɛt mu ansa na bɔɔl no abrɛ ase na wɔsiesie mfoni no akyiri twɛn, na ɛno di bere a wobu so. Mmeaeɛ dodoɔ no ahyɛ mmara sɛ nnwinnadeɛ a ɛhyɛ nkɔm yɛ amumuyɛ. Wɔkyerɛ dilafoɔ sɛ wɔnsesa sɛdeɛ wɔtow bɔɔl no. Mmuaeɛ a ɛyɛ nokorɛ ma ntwahonan a ɛwɔ hɔ nnɛ a wɔhwɛ so wɔ kasino anaa studio a wɔama tumi krataa mu ne dabi.
Sɛdeɛ wobɛdi roulette so nkonim, wɔ adwene mu nko ara: deɛ ɛbɛhia
Fa no sɛ tokuru bi ba 33 mu 1 sen 37 mu 1. Nɔma baako bɛtbɛtNɔma baako bɛtNɔma baako pɛ, ɛtua 35:1.Kenkan ne nyinaa → wɔ so wɔ EV = 35/33 − 32/33 = +3/33 ≈ +9%. Sɛ wopɛ sɛ wohu sɛ tokuru no yɛ animhwɛ ampa na ɛnyɛ akyiresɛm a, wohia bɛyɛ kyinhyia 10,000 a wɔakyerɛw firi saa ntwahonan pɔtee no so; na sɛ wopɛ sɛ wode di dwuma a, ɛhia sɛ ntwahonan no nsesa bere a woreto bɛt wɔ so. Nhwehwɛmu dan krataafa no kyerɛkyerɛ akontaabu no mu; abakɔsɛm krataafa no ka deɛ ɛtoo nnipa a wɔyɛeɛ no.
Mmuaeɛ a ɛyɛ nokorɛ
Ma kenkanfoɔ a ɔwɔ nhyehyɛe bi: ɛrenyɛ adwuma, na wobɛtumi de sɔhwɛ agorɔ a ɛwɔ site yi so ahwɛ wɔ awiaberɛ baako mu. Ma kenkanfoɔ a ɔwɔ nhoma ne abotare: animhwɛ wɔ hɔ wɔ adwene mu, na wɔde adwinni yi no firi hɔ wɔ deɛ wɔyɛ ampa mu. Ma obiara: roulette yɛ adetɔ. Tua boɔ a ɛyɛ wo dɛ, wɔ ahoɔhare a wopaw, wɔ ntwahonan a hweentwahonanHweeTokuru ahabammono baako a sika pɛ bɛt, dumienu kuo bɛt anaa santen tee bɛt biara nkata so; kasino mfasoɔ fibea. Wɔfrɛ no nso hwee baako, 0.Kenkan ne nyinaa → baako wɔ so ne la partagemmaraLa partageFranse mmara: sɛ hwee ba a, wɔsan de sika pɛ bɛt sika no fa ma. Ɛtew kasino mfasoɔ a ɛwɔ saa bɛt no so mu fa kɔ 1.35%.Kenkan ne nyinaa → so sɛ wobɛtumi ahu bi a.
Nsɛmmisa
Dabi. Nhyehyɛe “nkonimdifoɔ” a wɔagye din te sɛ Charles Wells dii nkonim wɔ akyiresɛm mu na wɔhweree emu bi.
Wɔ adwene mu. Wɔ kasino anaa studio a ɛwɔ hɔ nnɛ mu no, wɔbɛhu na wɔasiesie ansa na wo nsa aka nsɛm a ɛdɔɔso a wode bɛdi dwuma.
Ɛnni mmara wɔ mmeaeɛ dodoɔ no, na wontumi mfa nni dwuma ntia live ɛpono a ɛto bɛt mu ansa na bɔɔl no abrɛ ase.
Serew kakra
Abɔdeɛ mmara, ɛnyɛ nsɛsoɔ. Na ɛnyɛ nnɛ bio.
Nsɛm fibea
- RouletteDoc. Roulette akwan ho nhwɛmu.
- Roulette77. Roulette akwan ho nhwɛmu.
- Thorp, E. O. “Optimal gambling systems for favorable games.”
- Thorp, E. O. Elementary Probability.
- Doob, J. L. “Note on probability.”
- Halmos, P. R. “Invariants of certain stochastic transformations: the mathematical theory of gambling systems.”
- Bass, T. A. The Eudaemonic Pie.
- Small, M. & Tse, C. K. “Predicting the outcome of roulette.”
- Barnhart, R. T. Beating the Wheel.
- Chellel, K. “The Gambler Who Beat Roulette.”