Ahoɔhare a ɛtew so
Kyinhyia no ɔfa baako pɛ a wotumi hyɛ ho nkɔm ampa.
Sɛdeɛ bɔɔl no ahoɔhare tew so wɔ kwan no so no di kwan kontonkye a ɛyɛ pɛ a twitwiiɛ ne mframa kyerɛ akyi. Sɛ wosusu kyinhyia mua kakraa bi bere a, wobɛtumi ahyɛ bere a ɛbɛfiri kwan no so ho nkɔm kɔsi simma ketewa fa bi mu. Petepete a ɛba akyi no sɛe saa pɛyɛ no dodoɔ no ara.
Nhyehyɛe no
Bu bɔɔlnneɛma a wɔde diBɔɔlBɔɔl ketewa a wɔto no ma ɛtu mmirika wɔ ne kwan mu tia rotor no. Ɛnnɛ bɔɔl yɛ ivorine anaa Teflon, 18–21 mm.Kenkan ne nyinaa → no sɛ n’ahoɔhare tew so ɛnam biribi a ɛnsesa a (twitwiiɛ a ɛba bere a ɛrekyini) ne biribi a ɛkɔ soro sɛdeɛ ahoɔhare kɔ soro b·v (mframa ne ahwereɛ foforɔ a ɛgyina ahoɔhare so) so: dv/dt = −(a + bv). Mmuaeɛ no yɛ exponential kwan a ɛkɔ ahoɔhare titiriw a ɛde firi kwan no so ho. Enti kyinhyia mua bere T = 2πr/v kɔ soro kyinhyia mua biara mu wɔ dodoɔ a ɛkɔ soro. Fa kyinhyia mua kakraa bi a edi kan no hwehwɛ a ne b, na kyinhyia mua a aka no ne bere a ɛbɛfiri so no bɛdi akyi. Biribiara nyɛ nwonwa wɔ ha; ɛyɛ mechanics a wosua wɔ sukuupɔn afe a edi kan mu a wɔde di dwuma wɔ bɔɔl a ɛwɔ kwan so so.
Deɛ nkɔmhyɛ no ma
Bere a ɛbɛfiri so a ɛyɛ pɛ kɔsi simma ketewa 0.2 mu, ne rotornneɛma a wɔde diRotorNtwahonan no fa a ɛkyini a ntokuru no wɔ so.Kenkan ne nyinaa → ahoɔhare a ɛyɛ ntokurunneɛma a wɔde diTokuruRotor no so tokuru 37 a nɔma wom no mu baako. Wɔfrɛ no nso slot, cup.Kenkan ne nyinaa → 15 simma ketewa biara mu, kyerɛ tokuru a ɛwɔ baabi a ɛfiri so ase no kɔsi bɛyɛ ntokuru mmiɛnsa mu. Ɛno yɛ asɛm pa ma nkɔmhyɛfoɔ. Asɛm bɔne no ne sɛ afei bɔɔl no twa ɔfa a ɛsiannneɛma a wɔde diƆfa a ɛsianBaabi a ɛsian a ɛda bɔɔl kwan ne ntokuru no ntam, baabi a akwansideɛ no si.Kenkan ne nyinaa → no, ɛbɔ akwansideɛnneɛma a wɔde diAkwansideɛDadeɛ akwansideɛ a ɛwɔ ɔfa a ɛsian no so no mu baako a ɛbɔ bɔɔl a ɛretɔ no ma ɛhwete. Wɔfrɛ no nso canoe, diamond, pin.Kenkan ne nyinaa → bi so, na ɛhuruhuruw fa ntamu bannneɛma a wɔde diNtamu banDadeɛ ban a ɛtwa ntokuru mmienu ntam wɔ ntwahonan no so.Kenkan ne nyinaa → no so, na tokuru a ɛtɔ mu awieeɛ no petepete wɔ ntokuru 20 kɔsi 30 mu. Petepete a ɛba bere a ɛfiri so no di kwan no so ɔfa no pɛyɛ no dodoɔ no ara.
Deɛ ɛka
Sɛ petepete no wɔ baabi a ɛtaa tɔ, sɛdeɛ bɔɔl no tɔ tokuru a ɛwɔ baabi a ɛfiri so no nkyɛn mpɛn pii sen sɛdeɛ akɔntɔnkye bɛma a, ɛnneɛ sɛ wode bɛt to ɔfantwahonanƆfaNtokuru a ɛtoa so wɔ ntwahonan no so, a ɛnyɛ kuo a ɛwɔ bɛt nhyehyɛe no so.Kenkan ne nyinaa → a atwa tokuru a wɔhyɛɛ ho nkɔm no ho ahyia so a, ɛma mfasoɔ ketewa bi. Small ne Tse (2012) susuu eyi wɔ nhwehwɛmu dan mu de mfonin afidie, na wɔhunuu sɛ ɔfa a wɔhyɛɛ ho nkɔm no ba mpɛn pii ara ma ɛdane kasino mfasoɔakontaabuKasino mfasoɔBɛt sika biara mu kyɛfa a kasino no kora wɔ mfinimfini mu: 2.70% wɔ Yuropu roulette mu.Kenkan ne nyinaa → ma ɛbɛyɛ agorɔfoɔ mfasoɔ a ɛyɛ ɔha mu nkyɛmu kakraa bi. Wɔn tebea no, wɔhunu biribiara firi soro, wɔnim ntwahonan no, wɔto bɛt wɔ bere a wɔato bɔɔl no akyi, nni hɔ wɔ live ɛpono ho.
Deɛ ɛsesa dɔnhwerew biara
Nneɛma mmienu a ɛnsesa no nni hɔ daa ma ntwahonan bi. Eudaemons, a wɔsusuu kasino ntwahonan bi bere mfeɛ pii wɔ 1970 mfeɛ no mu no, hunuu sɛ mframa na ɛma ahoɔhare tew so kɛseɛ, ɛboro kwan no so, na bɔɔl no ho hia: Teflon bɔɔl hweree n’ahoɔhare ntɛm mpɛn mmienu sen deɛ wɔde billiard bɔɔl nneɛma yɛeɛ. Wɔsan hunuu sɛ wɔn nkɔmhyɛ firii ne kwan mu 5 kɔsi 10% dɔnhwerew biara bere a wɔbuee ɛpono bi anaa wim tebea sesaeɛ, ɛfiri sɛ mframa a nsuo wɔ mu anaa ɛyɛ duru ma bɔɔl no ahoɔhare tew so ntɛm. Enti wɔn dwumadie no kora nhyehyɛe soronko maa sɛdeɛ bɔɔl no ahoɔhare tew so ne ahoɔhare a ɛde firi kwan no so, na agorɔfoɔ no san siesiee ne mmienu nyinaa wɔ ɛpono biara ho ne bere biara a nkɔmhyɛ no hyɛɛ aseɛ firii ne kwan mu.
Adɛn nti na nhwehwɛmu dan no kyerɛkyerɛ eyi mu
Ɛnyɛ sɛdeɛ obiara bɛtumi ayɛ. Na mmom sɛdeɛ ɛbɛkyerɛ deɛ agorɔ no mu ade a ɛba kwa no yɛ ampa: ɔfa a wotumi hyɛ ho nkɔm a kasino ahodoɔ de bɛt bere a ɛto mu ntɛm ne kyinhyia mua dodoɔ kakraa bi koraa bɔ ho ban, ne ɔfa a ɛyɛ basabasa a wɔde akwansideɛ ne ntamu ban a ɛba fam bɔ ho ban. Agorɔfoɔ a ɔte eyi ase no te deɛ enti a 2.70% no wɔ hɔ dwoodwoo ase.
Akontaabu no a wo ara bɛyɛ
Susu bere a bɔɔl no twam akwansideɛ bi wɔ nsɛm biara a wɔde to dwa so kyinhyia mua mmiɛnsa na fa toa so; mpɛn pii no, wobɛduru kyinhyia mua baako mu ansa na ɛfiri so, na ɛno ne ɔfa a wotumi hyɛ ho nkɔm no a ɛreyɛ adwuma sɛdeɛ yɛkyerɛkyerɛɛ mu no. Afei hwɛ baabi a bɔɔl no tɔ ampa wɔ tokuru a ɛwɔ baabi a ɛfiri so ase no ho, na kan kyinhyia aduonum. Akontaa no yɛ petepete nhyehyɛe, na ne tɛtrɛtɛ ne mmuaeɛ a ɛma “adɛn nti na wontumi nni eyi so nkonim?”.
Akontaabu kwan
Nsɛmmisa
Dabi. Twitwiiɛ sesa sɛdeɛ mfuturo, nsuo a ɛwɔ mframa mu ne dedaw teɛ. Nkɔmhyɛfoɔ san hwehwɛ kyinhyia biara mu.
Mmiɛnsa ma nkɔmhyɛ a ɛnyɛ pɛ; enum anaa nsia ma deɛ ɛyɛ papa. Studio ahodoɔ kyinhyia mua ɛnan a ɛyɛ dodoɔ kakraa bi koraa no ma bere kakraa bi pɛ ma bɛt, na wɔato bɛt mu dada.
Kakraa bi, bere tiawa bi, wɔ afidie so, ansa na kasino ahodoɔ sesaa wɔn ho na mmara dii akyi. Hwɛ mfasoɔ agorɔ.
Akontaabu ho anigyeɛ
Di kan yɛ eyinom ara wo ho. Wɔakata mmuaeɛ biara so; sɛ woasiesie wo ho a, bue no.
Wɔ Thorp nhwɛsoɔ a ɛkyerɛ bɔɔlnneɛma a wɔde diBɔɔlBɔɔl ketewa a wɔto no ma ɛtu mmirika wɔ ne kwan mu tia rotor no. Ɛnnɛ bɔɔl yɛ ivorine anaa Teflon, 18–21 mm.Kenkan ne nyinaa → a ɛrebrɛ ase no mu, sɛ kyinhyia baako wɔ kwan no so gye sima T a, bɔɔl no wɔ kyinhyia 1/(e^(3T/20) − 1) − 10/3 a aka ansa na ɛfiri kwan no so. Ahe na aka kyinhyia a ɛgye sima fa akyi, na kyinhyia a ɛgye sima baako mua akyi nso ɛ? Bere susu mfomsoɔ sima 0.012 wɔ T = 0.8 so tu nkɔmhyɛ no kɔ akyiri sɛn?
Kyerɛ mmuaeɛ no
Mmuaeɛ Bɛyɛ kyinhyia 9.5 wɔ kyinhyia a ɛgye sima fa akyi ne 2.85 wɔ kyinhyia a ɛgye sima baako akyi. Mfomsoɔ no tu nkɔmhyɛ no bɛyɛ kyinhyia mua 0.12, bɛyɛ ntokurunneɛma a wɔde diTokuruRotor no so tokuru 37 a nɔma wom no mu baako. Wɔfrɛ no nso slot, cup.Kenkan ne nyinaa → 4½.
T = 0.5: 3T/20 = 0.075 na e^0.075 ≈ 1.0779, enti 1/0.0779 ≈ 12.84, na 12.84 − 3.33 ≈ kyinhyia 9.51. T = 1: e^0.15 ≈ 1.1618, 1/0.1618 ≈ 6.18, na 6.18 − 3.33 ≈ 2.85. Kyinhyia a ɛyɛ ntɛm kyerɛ sɛ kyinhyia pii aka, na kyinhyia a ɛyɛ brɛoo mmɔho mmienu gya deɛ ɛnnuru nkyɛmu mmiɛnsa mu baako.
Wɔ T = 0.8 so no, formula no ma kyinhyia 4.51; wɔ T = 0.812 so no, ɛma 4.39. Mfomsoɔ a ɛyɛ sima mu apem mu 12, bɛyɛ bere a bɔɔl no de bɛtwa ne ho tɛtrɛtɛ, tu nkɔmhyɛ no kyinhyia mua 0.12: bɛyɛ ntokuru 4½ wɔ ntwahonan a ntokuru 37 wɔ so so. Saa mfomsoɔ baako no ne ntokuru 5.5 a Thorp mfomsoɔ nhyehyɛe ma kwan ma bɔɔl no bere susu no fa kɛseɛ (hwɛ Advantage Play), na ɛno nti na dɔn no, na ɛnyɛ nkontaabu no, na ɛhyɛ nkɔmhyɛfoɔ ahyeɛ.
Serew kakra
Wotumi hyɛ ho nkɔm kɔsi bere a ɛfiri so. Afei akwansideɛ no.
Nsɛm fibea
- Small, M. & Tse, C. K. “Predicting the outcome of roulette.”
- Bass, T. A. The Eudaemonic Pie.
- Thorp, E. O. “Optimal gambling systems for favorable games.”