Roulette wɔ Monte Carlo
Kasino a ɛdanee ahenman ketewa bi hwee baako ntwahonan no fie.

Wɔbuee Casino de Monte-Carlo wɔ 1863 wɔ François Blanc ase, na ɛmaa Yuropu ntwahonan no bɛyɛɛ asasetam no gyinapɛn na ɛmaa roulette ne nsɛm a agye din sene biara, efi Jagger ntwahonan a ɛyɛ animhwɛ so kɔsi tuntum 26 a ɛbaeɛ wɔ 1913 no.
Adɛn nti na ɛyɛ Monaco
Wɔ 1850 mfeɛ no mu, na Monaco yɛ ɔbotan a ka aboro so a ɔheneba, ahemfie wɔ so na adwumayɛbea biara nni hɔ. Na wɔrebara sika agorɔ wɔ Germany aman no nyinaa mu, baabi a nsuo hyeɛ kasino ahodoɔ no yɛɛ yie. Ɔheneba Charles III maa kasino tumi krataa wɔ 1856; mmɔdenbɔ a edi kan no anyɛ yie ɛfiri sɛ na keteke kwan ne ɔkwan biara nni hɔ. François Blanc, a ɔmaa Bad Homburg gyee din no, tɔɔ tumi krataa no wɔ 1863, ɔhyɛɛ Société des Bains de Mer ase, ɔbɔɔ mmɔden maa keteke kwan a ɛfiri Nice baeɛ, na ɔde ɔheneba no din too mantam foforɔ no so: Monte Carlo. Kasino no tuaa ɔman no ka yie araa ma wɔyii akatua so toɔ firii hɔ wɔ 1869, na ɛnsan mmaeɛ da.
Bad Homburg ne kasino ahodoɔ a ɛwɔ nsuo hyeɛ ayaresabea nkuro mu
Hwee baako sɛ nhyehyɛe
Blanc de hweentwahonanHweeTokuru ahabammono baako a sika pɛ bɛt, dumienu kuo bɛt anaa santen tee bɛt biara nkata so; kasino mfasoɔ fibea. Wɔfrɛ no nso hwee baako, 0.Kenkan ne nyinaa → baako ntwahonan no fi Homburg baeɛ. Wɔ Monte Carlo no, na ɛnyɛ akansi ɔkwan na mmom gyinapɛn: ɛpono biara, da biara. Agorɔfoɔ a wɔfiri Yuropu baabiara suaa Monte Carlo roulette agorɔ a ɛyɛ 2.70% no na wɔhwɛɛ kwan wɔ mmeaeɛ foforɔ nso, na ɛno nti na hwee mmienuroulette ahodoɔHwee mmienuAmerika ntwahonan no 00 tokuru. Ɛno nti kasino mfasoɔ kɔ soro firi 2.70% kosi 5.26%.Kenkan ne nyinaa → da so wɔ hɔ wɔ baabi a Monte Carlo ansi gyinapɛn da nko ara.
Kasino tumi krataa a edi kan wɔ Monaco. Ɛnyɛ yie: ɔkwan nni hɔ, keteke kwan nni hɔ, agorɔfoɔ sua.
François Blanc gye so. Wɔhyɛ Société des Bains de Mer ase.
Keteke kwan a ɛfiri Nice bue. Ahɔhoɔ de keteke ba dodoɔ.
Wɔyi akatua so toɔ fi Monaco.
Joseph Jagger hunu animhwɛ wɔ ntwahonan no mu na ɔnya ahonyadeɛ; kasino no tutu ne ntwahonan, afei ɔsesa wɔn.
Charles Wells “bubu sika sie no” mpɛn pii wɔ nna kakra mu, denam akwadwerɛ ne nhyehyɛe bi a ɔankyerɛkyerɛ mu da so.
Tuntum ntoatoasoɔ 26. Sika agorɔfoɔ adwene mfomsoɔ no nya ne din foforɔ.
Casino de Monte-Carlo hwere ne tumi a ɔno nko ara na ɔwɔ wɔ Riviera sika agorɔ so bere a Franse kasino ahodoɔ san bue.
Sika sie a wɔbubu
Na Monte Carlo roulette ɛpono biara wɔ sika a wɔde asie, “bank” no. Sɛ agorɔfoɔ bi nya sika boro deɛ wɔde asie no so a, na wɔde ntoma tuntumbɛtTuntumSika pɛ bɛt wɔ nɔma tuntum 18 no so. Franse kasa mu: noir.Kenkan ne nyinaa → kata ɛpono no so bere a wɔrekɔfa sika foforɔ aba: na wɔaka sɛ wɔabubu sika sie no. Na ɛtaa si na ɛyɛ dawurubɔ pa; na ɛnkyerɛ sɛ kasino no ahwere sika nyinaa mu, na mmom ɛpono baako sika a wɔde asie no na asa. Charles Wells yɛɛ saa mpɛn pii wɔ 1891 wɔ ntoatoasoɔ a ɛyɛ nwonwa bi mu, ɔbɛyɛɛ nnwom bi wɔ agorɔ adan mu, na ɔsan hweree ne fa bi wɔ saa awɔ bere no mu.

Nsɛm no
Joseph Jagger ntwahonan a ɛyɛ animhwɛnhwehwɛmu danNtwahonan a ɛyɛ animhwɛNtwahonan a ne honam so mfomsoɔ ma ntokuru bi hokwan boro 1/37. Ɛnnsɛ ho pii, na wobɛtumi ahunu no ɛnkyɛ sɛ wode kyinhyia mpempem a woakyerɛw ahwɛ.Kenkan ne nyinaa → (bɛyɛ 1880), Wells (1891) ne tuntum 26 no (1913) nyinaa sii ha, na emu biara wɔ ne krataafa. Kasino no dawurubɔ dwumadibea, a na adi ne bere anim no, hwɛɛ sɛ wɔbɔ emu biara amaneɛ wɔ London atesɛm nkrataa mu. Ahenkuro bi ho anansesɛm a wɔka sɛ nnipa nya ahonyadeɛ wɔ hɔ no tɔn keteke tikiti sene nokorɛ asɛm biara a ɛfa 2.70% no ho.
Monte Carlo roulette agorɔ no ɛnnɛ
Kasino no da so yɛ adwuma, na roulette da so wɔ asa kɛseɛ no mfinimfini, a hwee baako ntwahonan ne Franse mmara (la partagemmaraLa partageFranse mmara: sɛ hwee ba a, wɔsan de sika pɛ bɛt sika no fa ma. Ɛtew kasino mfasoɔ a ɛwɔ saa bɛt no so mu fa kɔ 1.35%.Kenkan ne nyinaa → anaa en prisonmmaraEn prisonFranse mmara: sɛ hwee ba a, wɔkora sika pɛ bɛt so ma kyinhyia a ɛdi so mmom sene sɛ ɛbɛyera. Ɛtew kasino mfasoɔ wɔ saa bɛt no so mu fa.Kenkan ne nyinaa → wɔ sika pɛ bɛt so) ka ho. Société des Bains de Mer da so yɛ ahenman no adwumakuo titiriw. Monte Carlo ɔkwan a ɛwɔ akontaabu mu, a Ulam ne von Neumann de kasino no din too so wɔ 1940 mfeɛ no mu no, na ɛma sɔhwɛ agorɔ a ɛwɔ saa wɛbsaet yi so no yɛ adwuma.
Nsɛmmisa
Dabi. Wɔabara wɔn fi afeha a ɛtɔ so 19 mu; na kasino no wɔ hɔ ma ahɔhoɔ.
Nsɛm a ɛbaa akyire ka ho asɛm bɔ mu; kasino no ankasa nkrataa a ɛfiri saa bere no mu nni baguam. Ne hokwanakontaabuHokwanHokwan a biribi bɛba, firi 0 kɔsi 1 anaa 0% kɔsi 100%. Nɔma baako: 1/37 = 2.70%.Kenkan ne nyinaa → kyerɛ sɛ ɛbetumi asi baabi bi wɔ agorɔ mfeɛ aduonum mu.
Stanislaw Ulam wɔfa dii sika agorɔ wɔ hɔ; na din no yɛ ahintasɛm asɛmfua a ɛkyerɛ nhwɛsoɔ a wɔyi kwa wɔ Manhattan Project mu.
Serew kakra

Wɔtaa bubuu sika sie no. Nanso na kasino no deɛ, akyinnyeɛ biara nni ho.
Nsɛm fibea
- Schwartz, D. G. Roll the Bones: The History of Gambling.
- Barnhart, R. T. Beating the Wheel.
- Kavanagh, T. M. Dice, Cards, Wheels: A Different History of French Culture.