Roulette hokwan
Roulette hokwan biara yɛ ntokuru dodoɔ a wɔakyɛ no 37.
p = nɔma a ɛkata so / 37. Nɔma baako: 2.70%. Dunwɔtwe: 48.65%. Ntoatoasoɔ pɔtee bi hokwan no, wode kyinhyia baako hokwan ahodoɔ no bɔ ho.
Kyinhyia baako
Ntokurunneɛma a wɔde diTokuruRotor no so tokuru 37 a nɔma wom no mu baako. Wɔfrɛ no nso slot, cup.Kenkan ne nyinaa → 37 no mu biara hokwan yɛ pɛ, enti nkonim hokwan wɔ roulette mu wɔ kyinhyia baako so yɛ akontabuo kwa. Bɛt a ɛkata nɔma ɛnan so di nkonim bere 37 mu 4, bɛyɛ 10.8%. Kyinhyia baako hokwanakontaabuHokwanHokwan a biribi bɛba, firi 0 kɔsi 1 anaa 0% kɔsi 100%. Nɔma baako: 1/37 = 2.70%.Kenkan ne nyinaa → nni biribi foforɔ ka ho, ɛno nti na wobɛtumi akyerɛkyerɛ agorɔ no nyinaa mu wɔ krataa ketewa bi so.
Kyinhyia pii
Kyinhyia biara mfa ho, enti ntoatoasoɔ bi hokwan ahodoɔ no, wode bɔ ho. KɔkɔɔbɛtKɔkɔɔSika pɛ bɛt wɔ nɔma kɔkɔɔ 18 no so. Franse kasa mu: rouge.Kenkan ne nyinaa → mmienu a ɛtoatoa so: (18/37)² = 23.7%. Kɔkɔɔ na afei hweentwahonanHweeTokuru ahabammono baako a sika pɛ bɛt, dumienu kuo bɛt anaa santen tee bɛt biara nkata so; kasino mfasoɔ fibea. Wɔfrɛ no nso hwee baako, 0.Kenkan ne nyinaa →: (18/37)(1/37) = 1.3%. Dunson mprenu a ɛtoatoa so: (1/37)² = 0.073%, bɛyɛ 1,369 mu baako. Nhyehyɛe no ho hia ma ntoatoasoɔ pɔtee bi, na ɛnhia ma dodoɔ: “kɔkɔɔ na afei tuntumbɛtTuntumSika pɛ bɛt wɔ nɔma tuntum 18 no so. Franse kasa mu: noir.Kenkan ne nyinaa →” yɛ 25.0%, nanso “kɔkɔɔ baako ne tuntum baako wɔ kyinhyia mmienu mu, nea ɛdi kan biara” yɛ 50.0%.
Prɛko pɛ, anaa nea ɛboro saa
Fa nea aka no di dwuma. Hokwan a nɔma baako bɛtbɛtNɔma baako bɛtNɔma baako pɛ, ɛtua 35:1.Kenkan ne nyinaa → rennya nkonim koraa wɔ kyinhyia 37 mu yɛ (36/37)³⁷ = 36.3%, enti hokwan a ɛbɛdi nkonim prɛko pɛ, anaa nea ɛboro saa, yɛ 63.7%. Ɛnyɛ “nea ɛbɛba ampa” a agorɔfoɔ pii hwɛ kwan wɔ hokwan 37 a emu biara yɛ 37 mu 1 no mu. Akontabuo korɔ no ara kyerɛ sɛ nɔma bi wɔ hokwan bɛyɛ 3 mu 1 sɛ ɛremma koraa wɔ kyinhyia 37 mu; ɛno nti na nsunsuansoɔ pon no kyerɛ nɔma kakra a “ɛyɛ nwini” bere biara.
Twɛn bere a wɔhwɛ kwan
Wɔ mfinimfini mu, nɔma baako ba prɛko wɔ kyinhyia 37 biara mu, nanso twɛn bere no sesa kɛseɛ: mfinimfini nɔma no yɛ bɛyɛ kyinhyia 25 (bere fa no, ɛba ntɛm sene saa), na twɛn bere aduonu mu baako boro kyinhyia 110. Geometric adeyɛ bi twɛn bere tenten yiye wɔ n’awieeɛ, na agorɔfoɔ a “onim” sɛ nɔma bi “ne bere aso” kyinhyia 60 akyi no reka biribi a ɛba bere enum mu baako.
Mfomsoɔ a ɛtaa ba
Hokwan ahodoɔ a wɔka bom ma nsɛm a mmienu nyinaa betumi aba (kɔkɔɔ anaa nɔma a ɛnkyɛ pɛ nyɛ 36/37; ɛyɛ 26/37, ɛfiri sɛ nɔma du yɛ mmienu nyinaa). Bɔ a wɔbɔ ho ma nsɛm a ɛba kyinhyia baako so (kɔkɔɔ ne nɔma a ɛnkyɛ pɛ wɔ kyinhyia baako so yɛ 10/37, ɛnyɛ 18/37 × 18/37). Kyinhyia a atwam a wobu no sɛ ntoatoasoɔ a woto bɛt so seesei no fa: kɔkɔɔ du akyi, hokwan a kɔkɔɔ a ɛtɔ so dubaako bɛba yɛ 18/37, ɛnyɛ (18/37)¹¹.
Dɛn ne odds wɔ roulette mu, na ɛne hokwan nsonsonoeɛ ne dɛn?
Kasino ahodoɔ ka akatuasikaAkatuaDeɛ bɛt a edi nkonim de ma, a wɔka no sɛ “X tia 1” ka bɛt sika a ɛsan ba no ho.Kenkan ne nyinaa → sɛ odds. Nɔma baako di nkonim hokwan 1/37 mu, enti nkonim odds wɔ roulette mu wɔ nɔma baako so yɛ 36 tia 1 a ɛtia wo. Ɛno nti akatua 35 tia 1 so tew kyɛfasikaKyɛfaBɛt sika a ɛwɔ ase a nhyehyɛe anaa agorɔfoɔ de yɛ adwuma. Wɔka bɛt nsakraeɛ ntoatoasoɔ ho asɛm wɔ kyɛfa mu sɛdeɛ ɛbɛyɛ a ɛbɛfata ɛpono biara.Kenkan ne nyinaa → baako, na ɛno ne kasino mfasoɔakontaabuKasino mfasoɔBɛt sika biara mu kyɛfa a kasino no kora wɔ mfinimfini mu: 2.70% wɔ Yuropu roulette mu.Kenkan ne nyinaa → wɔ ne tebea a edi kan mu. Nsakraeɛ: odds a ɛtia wo = (1 − p)/p; hokwan = 1/(odds + 1).
Akontaabu kwan
Nsɛmmisa
(1/37)² = 1/1369 ≈ 0.073%.
36/37 = 97.3%. Hwee ne nea aka no.
Nɔma 37 no nyinaa yɛ 1/37. Dunson ne nɔma a nnipa to bɛt so sene biara, na ɛno yɛ asɛm a ɛfa nnipa ho.
Akontaabu ho anigyeɛ
Di kan yɛ eyinom ara wo ho. Wɔakata mmuaeɛ biara so; sɛ woasiesie wo ho a, bue no.
Wode bɛt to kɔkɔɔbɛtKɔkɔɔSika pɛ bɛt wɔ nɔma kɔkɔɔ 18 no so. Franse kasa mu: rouge.Kenkan ne nyinaa → so, kyinhyia biara. Hokwan bɛn na ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ wo nkonim a ɛto so enum bɛba kyinhyia a ɛto so nwɔtwe pɛpɛɛpɛ so? Na sɛ wobɛnya nkonim enum wɔ kyinhyia nwɔtwe a edi kan no mu nso ɛ?
Kyerɛ mmuaeɛ no
Mmuaeɛ 12.9%, bɛyɛ 8 mu 1, ma nkonim a ɛto so enum wɔ kyinhyia nwɔtwe so. 33.4% ma nkonim enum ansa na ɛduru saa bere no.
Nkonim a ɛto so enum wɔ kyinhyia nwɔtwe so kyerɛ nneɛma mmienu: kyinhyia nwɔtwe di nkonim, na kyinhyia nson a edi kan no kura nkonim ɛnan ne ahwereɛ mmiɛnsa pɛpɛɛpɛ, wɔ nhyehyɛe biara mu. Akwan 35 na ɛwɔ hɔ a wobɛfa so de nkonim ɛnan agu kyinhyia nson mu.
Enti hokwan no yɛ 35 × (18/37)⁵ × (19/37)³ = 35 × 0.02725 × 0.1354 = 12.9%.
Ma nkonim enum ansa na kyinhyia nwɔtwe aduru no, ka nkonim a ɛto so enum wɔ kyinhyia enum, nsia ne nson so deɛ ho: 2.7% + 7.0% + 10.8% + 12.9% = 33.4%. Akontaabufoɔ frɛ yei negative binomial nkyekyɛmu: sɔhwɛ dodoɔ a nkonim dodoɔ pɔtee bi gye. Taylor (2021) yɛ asɛmmisa korɔ no ara wɔ Amerika ntwahonan so, 12.2%.
Serew kakra
Kan ntokuru. Kyɛ no 37. Bɔ ho ma ntoatoasoɔ. Ɛno ara ne no.
Nsɛm fibea
- Feller, W. An Introduction to Probability Theory and Its Applications, Vol. 1.
- Ethier, S. N. The Doctrine of Chances: Probabilistic Aspects of Gambling.
- Taylor, D. G. Games, Gambling, and Probability: An Introduction to Mathematics, 2nd ed.